Mystery of Ancient Pyramids | How were they really built?

About 4500 years ago, a wonder of the world was built in Egypt. One that continues to amaze people even today. The Great Pyramid of Giza. At 147 feet tall, it remained the tallest structure in the world for more than 4,000 years. Heavy stones were used to build the pyramids, which are said to weigh 6 million tons. Compared to the current tallest building, the Burj Khalifa, which weighs only 500,000 tons. A question that stumped people.

How was it built?

Back then, people didn't have cranes, bulldozers or modern technology. So much so that they didn't even have wheels. Still, they built a memorial that still stands. Can you imagine a structure that would stand for more than 4,500 years, through hot summers, storms, torrential rains and weather? a surviving structure as old as this and as large as this.

How was this made possible?

Come, in this video we will understand the secret of the pyramids.

“The Great Pyramid is probably the most mysterious structure on the face of the Earth. Built around 2,500 BC, it has been the tallest structure on Earth for over 3,500 years. Built as huge tombs of brilliant white limestone, the pyramids are designed to hide the dark secrets of the dead. The more we go back in time, the more difficult it is to find out what happened, when and how. The Great Pyramid of Giza is estimated to have been built in 2560 BC by Pharaoh Khufu. The rulers of ancient Egypt are known as pharaohs. We don't know much about Pharaoh Khufu, except that he was the second ruler of the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom of Egypt.

His reign is a hotly debated topic, however some estimates by historians put it at 23 years, some 34 years, and some more than 60 years. The pyramid is located on the west bank of the Nile, and if you see photos or videos of it, you will see that it is not the only pyramid. You will see two more pyramids built in the same place. Of the three, the tallest is the Pyramid of Giza, also known as the Pyramid of Khufu. Smaller than it is the Pyramid of Rachef, the second largest pyramid in Egypt. It is said to have been built by Khufu's son Khafre. The third and smallest is the Pyramid of Menkaure. It is said to have been built by Khafre's son. These are the only monuments from that time. In addition to them, there is the Great Sphinx, several burial tombs and smaller pyramids. There are said to be a total of 118 pyramids of various shapes and sizes. Many of them have been eroded by weathering, very few of them are in good condition. Perhaps the best preserved are these three pyramids. Especially the Great Pyramid of Giza.

What was the reason for building these?

Several ancient monuments were built for the same reason. They were built as a tomb. Pharaohs are buried inside the pyramids. Friends, the ancient Egyptians believed in an afterlife. They believed that life does not end with death. After death, a person's soul travels to the underworld, where it is then judged by the gods. Those who have lived a life of goodness remain immortal in the afterlife. To prepare for the afterlife, pharaohs had tombs built for them during their reign. A large amount of food, treasure, jewelry, furniture, clothing were to be buried with the pharaoh in the pyramid to be used in the afterlife. After they died, their bodies were mummified and then sealed in a wooden or stone sarcophagus. You may be wondering how we are sure that is why the pyramids were built.

There are two main reasons, my friends.

First: we discovered scriptures written on several other pyramids. Texts about such sarcophagi and pyramids that tell us about their customs.

Second: most historical pyramids in Egypt and Sudan were used as tombs. But specifically, no substantial evidence of this has been found in the Great Pyramid of Giza, so people come up with their own alternative theories. When archaeologists entered the Great Pyramid, they found three relics and an empty sarcophagus. The sarcophagus is believed to be from Khufu, and the treasures that must have surrounded it were looted before archaeologists could get to it. Those who disagree have come up with bizarre alternative theories.

One of the popular theories floating around is that the Great Pyramid was a power plant that could generate electricity. People who believe this claim that the ancient Egyptians were very technologically advanced and that they had already learned to use electricity. Some ancient works of art are presented as evidence for this theory.

Such artworks have been discovered on the walls of some ancient Egyptian temples and are used to support the claim that they were building the light bulb. It is said that the Egyptians invented it, but the technology somehow got lost later. As I have said repeatedly, such conspiracy theories arise when there is a lack of substantial evidence on a matter. But conspiracy theories are often so outlandish that they make no logical sense. If light bulbs existed in ancient Egypt, why haven't we found any evidence to prove it? In fact, this work depicts an Egyptian mythological story. Another popular theory claims that the pyramid was a granary for storing crops. This theory was proposed by American politician Ben Carson in 1998, according to his "personal theory" the pyramids were built by the father of Jesus Christ. “My personal theory is that Joseph built the pyramids to store grain. All archaeologists think they were made by the pharaohs, right?" Friends, here you see the second main reason for making up conspiracy theories, religious appeasement by politicians. Today, anyway, it is absolutely clear with all historians that the Great Pyramid of Giza was built as a tomb. Back then, people they believed that the bigger the tomb, the more treasures and food in the tomb, the better the pharaoh's afterlife would be. Now we come to the biggest question.

How were these Pyramids built?

Honestly, this is the most mysterious aspect of the pyramids. How did people build a 147 meter tall structure? Using these huge stones that weigh anywhere between 2.5 tons to 80 tons. Each stone is carved so carefully and evenly when there were no standard tools for carving. How were the stones stacked on top of each other?

When people didn’t even use wheels?

All this within 20 years. Friends, the Great Pyramid of Giza is said to have been built in 20 years. There are several theories regarding this. I'm not going to talk about bizarre conspiracy theories here. But before we discuss the theories, let's look at a misconception that people have about the pyramids. The films show slave labor being used to build the pyramids. Poor slaves, forced to work here all day and brutally abused and whipped by the guards.

You would see it in some movie or other. For a long time, people believed that slaves built the pyramids. The 5th century BC Greek historian Herodotus was the first to suggest that slaves built the pyramids. But today we know that is not true. The people who built these pyramids were highly skilled workers. They were not starved and abused, rather they were given abundant food. They were fed so well that they were stronger and livelier than the average Egyptian citizen of the time. They lived in towns near construction sites. Different communities supported them throughout the seasons. As farmers, when not actively engaged in their fields, farmers helped with construction in their spare time. In a way, the citizens in the kingdom were united in the success of the national project. They were very loyal to their pharaoh. About 20,000 to 30,000 workers worked 10 hours a day to build this Great Pyramid of Giza.

In terms of construction material, about 5.5 million tons of limestone, 8,000 tons of granite and 500,000 tons of mortar were used. Most of these materials were obtained from nearby areas. At most, they were brought from the area of ​​southern Egypt, which was about 800 km from the site.